second shift, the

from Arlie Hochschild's The Second Shift, this term refers to the unpaid job a woman comes home to after a day of paid work. The idea that women work two—or three—shifts is not new. In 1918, Alexandra Kollontai wrote, "The wife, the mother, who is a worker, sweats blood to fill three tasks at the same time: to give the necessary working hours as her husband does, in some industry or commercial establishment, then to devote herself as well as she can to her household and then also to take care of her children" (in Eleanor S. Riemer and John C. Fout, European Women). See also housewife, housework, working father, working mother/working wife/working woman.